Development and Development Work

Introduction to Development
Population denotes the number of people in a certain place and in a certain time. People fulfill their needs by using means and resources from the environment. In fact, development is concentrated towards the fulfillment of human needs and necessities. It is necessary to run developmental activities for the development of a country. By development, we mean, positive and constructive improvement in existing physical human and cultural status.

Development programmes bring gradual change in existing situation. Development causes the progress in social, economic and cultural aspect. It helps not only to fulfill the various needs and necessities but also increases the capability of people to be self-dependent. Human being has vital role in developmental activities because man directs the development towards practical and specific direction. Planned and environment-friendly developments support the environmental conservation. Developmental activities provide security, education health, employment, food, healthy residence, etc. to human being. As a result, people can acquire and utilize rights, live and honorable life and develop their full potentiality with freedom.

Importance of Development Work
Development works are associated with environment. In order to conduct development works, environmental resources such as land, forest, water, minerals, etc. are used. They bestow upon people various types of advantages. Different countries conduct different kinds of development works according to the resources found there. The importance of development works can be described in the following way.

1. Economic Progress: Development works bring about economic development. Agriculture, industry, electricity generation, road construction, tourism, etc. help to acquire income. Economic development provides job opportunities. Therefore, development works are essential to raise the economic status of the country. Sustainable development work contributes to economic prosperity. 
2. Promotion of quality of life: Development works provide facilities. For example, road construction makes it easy for people and goods to go from one place to another. Building hospitals and health centers provides people health service. Agricultural development improves economic status of the people. It supplies industry with raw materials. Establishment of industries provides employment. In this way, development activities bring economic improvement which helps people to improve their quality of life.
3. Availability of Essential Goods: Food, clothing, education, health service, drinking water, sanitation, energy, entertainment, security, etc. are people basic needs. The aims of various developmental works are to fulfill these needs.
4. Environmental Balance: Each country has its own geographical features which influence development and construction works there. Development activities should be conducted in different parts of the country favorable to the place so that each part gets proper facility. Then adjustment of population is easy. Development works use resources like land, water, forest, mineral, etc. Their status should be not spoilt. So, attempts should be made to compensate the loss. New trees should be planted where the old ones are cut down and where the land is barren. Similarly, grass should be grown where landslides occur.
5. Social Development: Development and construction works are indispensable for social welfare. They encourage people to utilize natural resources like land, water resources, herbs found there. People feel the need for conserving these resources. Development and construction works with the feeling of environmental conservation helps to fulfill social needs continuously. People get necessary things such as food, drinking water, health service, etc. They become self-dependent. There is improvement in their economic status. It makes difference in their life-style. When environment conservation feeling arises in men, they will be involved to conserve it.
6. Development of Human Efficiency: If development and construction activities are launched in the country, people get opportunities to use their knowledge and skills. Their experience, work, efficiency and job-oriented skills are increased. The development of knowledge and skills of people produce the tendency of maintaining the resources. Other people also gain knowledge and dexterity from it. The development and expansion of human dexterity contribute to national development and environmental conservation.
7. Development of Technology: Development and construction works are determined by the country's geographical condition, educational status, economic capacity, social condition, national development policy etc. Accordingly suitable machines, means, work style, etc. are developed in the country. Consequently, various kinds of technology and machinery are developed. Knowledge without technology is incomplete. Technological advancement accelerates national development.

Quality of life differs according to family, place and time

Quality of life is the state of complete satisfaction which can be measured by the accessibility of the basic needs of the family and individuals. But the needs of family differ in different place and time. It shows the standard of living and life style of people.

Quality of life differs according to different families because the needs of different families differ to each other. For example, the needs of a poor family and the needs of a rich family are quite different as the resources to attain the needs are different which is determined by the income level and life style of people.

Similarly, quality of life differs according to different places where people have been living by consuming the available modern facilities and other development. For example, the quality of life of the urban people and the rural people is different because their needs are different and also the resources to fulfill the needs are different which affected by the development of infrastructures. The basic needs of developed zones or countries can be luxurious needs of developing and utility of such resources is also different. Furthermore, quality of life differs according to time or situation, as the need sof people furng different period are different. The ancient people were living a nomadic life and hunting gathering life, their needs were just to get food substance but the modern people do not satisfy only on food substance instead. They desire different modern tools and technologies and other modes of living.  So, the living standard has become different.

Hence we can say that the quality of life differ according to family, place and time period how they are living where they are living and when they are living.

The definition of quality of life is different to country, situation and time

The definition of quality of life is different according to country, situation and time due to following reasons;

• Quality of life is a quite microcosmic phenomenon. There is various interpretation of quality of life.
• Some define the quality of life according to social economic and cultural viewpoint.
• Some define it on the basis of individual priority and philosophy of life.
• The standard of living, of course is very important to one's quality of life. Some basic elements have affected the standard of living. As quality life depends on these elements and the way of receiving satisfaction quality life differs in country to country. Because of these elements are not the same in all situations.

Education enhance the living standard of an individual and family

Along with the development of the modern age, different human needs have been changed. The development of human resource needs for modern facilities health services, quality education, different tools and technologies etc. are the basic requirements of the day. For the accessibility of all the development activities, education plays the prominent role which has made human beings as a being from the other animals.

Education is a key variable among the components of quality of life as an educated person only can grab the different life chances, employment opportunities, different modern facilities etc. similarly, an educated person can manage the family resources properly, planning of family wisely, understand the importance of appropriate age at marriage and conception, adaptation of the means of family planning etc. which are very much helpful to promote ones life style and the quality of life. If any members of a family are educated, the other members of the family are always encouraged to get education and other different life chances. So all the members of the family become of quality of life.

In the same way, the educated and skilled manpower can contribute of the development activities of the society and the nation as well. As a result, all the citizens of the nation can have access to the different development activities and the components of quality of life.

Health helps the individual and family to improve their standard of living

Health is the valuable property of man. Therefore, health is regarded as the important indicator among major elements essential for quality of life. If family members are not physically and mentally healthy, they will not be able to read and write and involve in income generating activity. Health is not merely related with the condition of the body remaining away from diseases; it covers quite a large in term of quality of life. From the point of view health, the following aspects are taken into consideration in order to maintain quality of life

a) Consumption of nutritious and balanced diet.

b) Adequate facility of clean drinking water.

c) Personal and community sanitation and hygiene.

d) Neat, clean and green environment of the surrounding area.

e) Regular health check up and timely treatment.

f) Marriage at appropriate age and first conception and birth spacing.

g) Knowledge of normal exercises and its facility.

h) Acquiring the knowledge on first aid and the provision to enjoy them.

Role of quality of life in the development of social aspect

Every couple should be active to provide their children with an opportunity of quality education by realizing the demand of time so that their future could be bright. Such an investment will have a good result in future which will make children get employment with high salary and make their lives happy and prosperous. In future, they will be able to perform their responsibility to make their family prosperous.

In this way, we have to bring a revolution in social sector for maintaining happy and prosperous life in a family and society as well. Such a change in our society is possible only when we can bring a change in thinking, attitude and behavior of the whole people. Quality of life is specifically related with our social structure. Therefore, it plays a very important role in bringing changes in social development.

The importance of quality of life from the socio-cultural aspect

Quality of life is important from the socio-cultural aspect. The traditions, culture and performance of the people depend upon the education gained by the family members. Involvement of the women in the social affairs and economic activities are also determined by quality of life. If a family has gained the quality of life various superstitions, impractical customs, wrong concepts and values from the society and slowly eradicated. Pre-planning about the proper possible from the parents enjoying quality of life. Then only their children are able to refund the investment of their parents. The children become highly skilled manpower useful for the development of their society. Responsible citizens of future can be prepared by the education and skill gained.

The development of the society and culture is possible by the changes in the thinking of people, attitude and behaviors. Therefore, quality of life is related with components of society and culture. To bring the positive changes in the socio-cultural aspects, quality of life is important.

The women has a greater responsibility to maintain the quality of life

Women play an important role in making quality of life in the family. The educated women are involved in income generating activities by which they keep their life busy. So, they do not involve in the activities of producing more children because they feel burden to look after additional child in the family, because they have lack of time. So they can involve themselves in income generating activities and hence can develop their career. The involvement of women in income generating activities makes them independent. Thus, gender equity in a family is a strong base to have quality of life.

Elements of Quality of Life

a) Education: An intelligent and educated person can overcome the problems accordingly. Schooling provides access to higher education later and provides a person with a knowledge that will enable him/ her to support the family. Such family can have income generating which helps to provide the essential materials resulting happiness and satisfaction.

b) Security: Generally, security and protection are inevitable for each and every member of the family in making family happy and prosperous. Due to the various social crimes, it is felt that the family and it's members are not found to be safe. They can't have spiritual satisfaction. When there is no security people feel vain to have material collection and the life becomes low quality.

c) Health: Healthy people are the assets of the country. They can be the active population and can have income generating skills. It is no longer wondering that it will harm and make trouble in maintaining quality of life if family members are not physically and mentally sound. When the health of the people is deteriorated people are deprived of mental and spiritual satisfaction which is the cause of low quality of life.

d) Saving: Saving is another important element for quality of life. Remaining amount must be saved regularly after making necessary expenditure out from income. Nobody knows the arrival of disaster and saving can be used in domestic and casual work due to that the sudden coming problems can be solved by confirming within the family. Similarly, the remaining amount of saving can be invested in the income generating and profit earning work and business. More income can be generated with such processes.

e) Sanitation: The mode of the life of the family will be healthy if the house or living and so surrounding environment can be kept neat and clean. Sanitation makes the environment neat, clean and green and helps the members of the family to be healthy and active. As a result there is quality of life. Sanitation produces healthy member who can generate good income and can make the quality of the family.

f) Nutritious food: Food is primary need of the family. To have quality of life, it is necessary to become healthy. Low quality of food affects the health of the people. For quality of life, nutritious food helps in physical and mental development. Without balanced and nutritious food, individuals have to face the problems of malnutrition. Therefore, for quality of life, nutritious food is necessary.

g) Size of the family: The size of the family affects the quality of life. If the size of the family is small, it is easy to fulfill the needs of the family members. This is helpful to raise the quality of life.